Member country profiles

United Arab Emirates

• Joined: 15 September 2020; embassies opened in Abu Dhabi and Tel Aviv in 2021 (UAE MOFA).
• Key agreement: Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement, in force since 1 April 2023 (NZ MFAT).
• Trade: goods trade with Israel was $3.209bn in 2025 and $3.254bn in 2024; cumulative trade from September 2020 to May 2026 was about $14.53bn (UAE MOFA).
• Flights: about 1.53 million passengers in 2025; a record 136 direct flights a week (UAE MOFA).
• Culture: the Israel Philharmonic Orchestra first performed in the UAE in Abu Dhabi in 2022, and the UAE Embassy in Israel held its fourth Iftar in 2026 (UAE MOFA).

Israel

• Agreements: treaty with the UAE and declaration with Bahrain (15 September 2020), the Joint Communiqué with Bahrain (18 October 2020) and the Joint Declaration with Morocco and the US (22 December 2020) (State Department; UN Treaty Series; State Department).
• Interfaith commitment: the Declaration promotes dialogue among "the three Abrahamic religions and all humanity" (State Department).

Bahrain

• Joined: 15 September 2020. The Joint Communiqué signed in Manama on 18 October 2020 entered into force on 10 December 2020 and provides for embassies and resident ambassadors (UN Treaty Series).
• Agreements: eight memoranda signed on 18 October 2020 and a tourism agreement on 2 December 2020 (Embassy of Israel in Bahrain).
• Community life: about 50 Jews live in Bahrain, most of them in Manama (World Jewish Congress).

Morocco

• Joined: the Joint Declaration with the US and Israel was signed and entered into force on 22 December 2020. It provides for the reopening of liaison offices and authorisation of direct flights (State Department).
• Heritage: the 2011 Constitution describes national identity as "nourished and enriched by its African, Andalusian, Hebraic and Mediterranean influences" (Constitute Project translation).
• Community life: Morocco has the largest remaining Jewish community in North Africa, estimated at about 2,100 people in 2020 (World Jewish Congress).

Sudan

• Joined: signed the Abraham Accords Declaration on 6 January 2021 in Khartoum (AP via PBS; State Department).
• Context: during the same visit, the US and Sudan signed a memorandum on clearing Sudan's World Bank arrears (AP via PBS).
• Embassies and flights: no verified source located; shown as n/a.

Kazakhstan (pending)

Kazakhstan announced its intention to join (6 Nov 2025); signing pending (State Department).